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The Fleet Type Submarine Online
Submarine Underwater Log Systems

Submarine Underwater Log Systems Manual Cover
Folks,

Submarine Underwater Log Systems, Navpers 16168, is one of a series of submarine training manuals that was completed just after WW II. The series describes the peak of WW II US submarine technology.

In this online version of the manual we have attempted to keep the flavor of the original layout while taking advantage of the Web's universal accessibility. Different browsers and fonts will cause the text to move, but the text will remain roughly where it is in the original manual. In addition to errors we have attempted to preserve from the original (for example, it was H.L. Hunley, not CS Huntley), this text was captured by optical character recognition. This process creates errors that are compounded while encoding for the Web. Please report any typos, or particularly annoying layout issues with the HNSA Feedback Form for correction.

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NavPers 16168
Produced for ComSubLant by Standards and Curriculum Division Training, Bureau of Naval Personnel. Submarine Underwater Log Systems
June 1946
RESTRICTED
 

This is one of a series of Submarine
Training Manuals. The series includes:
 
1. The Fleet Type Submarine NavPers 16160
2. Submarine Main Propulsion Diesels NavPers 16161
3. Submarine Electrical Installations NavPers 16162
4. Submarine Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Systems NavPers 16163
5. Submarine Distilling Systems Navpers 16163A
6. Submarine Air Systems NavPers 16164
7. Submarine Periscope Manual NavPers 16165
8. Submarine Trim and Drain Systems NavPers 16166
9. Submarine Sonar Operator's Manual NavPers 16167
10. Submarine Underwater Log Systems NavPers 16168
11. Submarine Hydraulic Systems NavPers 16169
12. Torpedo Tubes, 21-Inch submerged, Mks 32 to 39 O.P. 1085
 
ii
PREFACE
A submarine must operate below the surface a great part of the time while in enemy-controlled waters. She is therefore denied the opportunity to establish her position by means of sights of the sun; and weather conditions often make it impossible to obtain sights of the stars when surfaced at night. Accurate knowledge of her position is vital to the submarine, not only to enable her to avoid the ordinary hazards of navigation, but to assist in her primary mission of locating and destroying the enemy. In order to know her position with accuracy, the submarine must have a means of determining her own speed.

The accurate solution of the torpedo fire-control problem, in order to destroy the enemy, is dependent in large measure upon precise knowledge of the enemy's speed. The determination of this factor is in turn dependent upon knowledge of the submarine's speed. The submarine underwater log system is the means provided for determining enemy speed.

The purpose of this manual is to explain in full detail all phases of the theory, operation, adjustment and calibration, assembly and disassembly, and maintenance of the various underwater log systems installed in fleet submarines. It is intended as a complete service and reference manual for operating forces as well as an -instructional textbook for personnel receiving advanced training in the maintenance of the log systems.

The Submarine School, Submarine Base, New London, Connecticut, and other activities of Submarines, Atlantic Fleet, have collaborated in the preparation of this manual. Its entire contents have been checked by engineers in the employ of the separate manufacturers who furnish underwater log systems to the Navy.

 
iii
CONTENTS
 
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
A. General Description of the Log Systems 1
B. Principles of Operation 2

PART 1
PITOMETER UNDERWATER LOG
 
CHAPTER 2. DESCRIPTION
A. General Description 4
B. Description of Operation 7
C. Rodmeter and Sea Valve 7
D. Control Unit 10
E. Rotary Distance Transmitter 12
F. Master Speed Indicator 14
G. Speed and Distance Indicator 17
H. Constant Frequency Control Unit 19
CHAPTER 3. OPERATING THE LOG
A. Operating Instructions 22
CHAPTER 4. TROUBLE SHOOTING
A. Troubles, Causes, and Remedies 26
CHAPTER 5. MAINTENANCE
A. Preliminary Instructions 32
B. Maintenance of Rodmeter 32
C. Replacing Damaged Rodmeter 33
D. Maintenance of Pump 36
E. Maintenance of Pump Drive Motor 46
F. Transtat Assembly 47
G. Maintenance of Follow-Up Motor 48
H. Removal and Installation of Armature Rectifiers 49
I. Removal and Installation of Field Rectifier 51
J. Removal and Installation of Self-Synchronous Transmitter 51
K. Maintenance of Control Unit 51
L. Control Unit Piping 65
M. Maintenance of Master Speed Indicator 67
N. Maintenance of Constant Frequency Supply Unit 87
CHAPTER 6. MEASURED MILE CALIBRATION
A. Calibration of Log on Measured Mile 101
CHAPTER 7. SHOP CALIBRATION
A. Test and Calibration in Shop 104
CHAPTER 8. ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
A. Log Electrical Circuits 110
CHAPTER 9. LUBRICATION
A. Lubrication of Pitometer Underwater Log System 112
 
v
PART 2
BENDIX UNDERWATER LOG
 
CHAPTER 10. DESCRIPTION
A. General Description 118
B. Description of Operation 122
C. Rodmeter and Sea Valve 124
CHAPTER 11. OPERATING THE LOG
A. Operating Instructions 127
CHAPTER 12. TROUBLE SHOOTING
A. Troubles, Causes, and Remedies 130
CHAPTER 13. MAINTENANCE
A. Preliminary Instructions 133
B. Maintenance of Rodmeter 135
C. Replacing Damaged Rodmeter 137
D. Maintenance of Pressure Bellows 137
E. Compensation of Submarine Bellows for Dive Error 143
F. Maintenance of Speed and Distance Indicator 145
G. Maintenance of Master Transmitter Indicator 155
CHAPTER 14. MEASURED MILE CALIBRATION
A. Calibration of Log on Measured Mile 185
B. Recalibration of the Master Transmitter Indicator 192
C. Calibration of the Log when Percentage Error Exceeds 8 Percent 193
CHAPTER 15. SHOP CALIBRATION
A. Test and Calibration in Shop 197
CHAPTER 16. ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
A. Log Electrical Circuits 205
CHAPTER 17. LUBRICATION
A. Lubrication of Bendix Underwater Log 207

PART 3
MERCURY DIFFERENTIAL MANOMETER AND ELECTRONIC LOGS
 
CHAPTER 18. DESCRIPTION
A. General Description 212
B. Description of Operation 214
CHAPTER 19. OPERATING THE LOG
A. Operating Instructions 225
CHAPTER 20. MAINTENANCE
A. Preliminary Instructions 227
B. Maintenance of Rodmeter 227
C. Replacing a Damaged Rodmeter 228
D. Maintenance of Manometer 229
E. Maintenance of Transmitter 230
F. Maintenance of Master Speed Repeater 232
G. Synchronizing Speed and Distance Repeater 233
CHAPTER 21. TROUBLE SHOOTING
A. Troubles, Causes, and Remedies 234
CHAPTER 22. ELECTRONIC LOG
A. Allis-Chalmers Underwater Log 238
 
v
ILLUSTRATIONS
We knew his speed Frontispiece
1-1. Underwater log in position in submarine1
1-2. Elementary diagram showing fundamental principle of operation 2
2-1. Components of Pitometer underwater log-rotary balance type 5
2-2. Operation of Pitometer rotary balance system 6
2-3. Operation of the master speed indicator Insert
2-4. Cutaway view of rodmeter 8
2-5. Rodmeter with valves attached 8
2-6. Sea valve 9
2-7. Rodmeter and hoist installed 9
2-8. Control unit, cover removed 11
2-9. Cutaway view of rotary distance transmitter 13
2-10. Cutaway view of rotary pump 15
2-11. Cutaway view of master speed indicator 16
2-12. Cutaway view of speed and distance indicator 18
2-13. Constant frequency control unit, cover removed 20
3-1. Valves and vent cocks in secured position 22
3-2. Valves and vent cocks in surface venting position 22
3-3. Surface and submerged venting routines 23
3-4. Valves and vent cocks in operating position 24
3-5. Pump vent cock 24
3-6. Rodmeter in secured position 24
3-7. Valves and vent cocks operating on static head 25
5-1. Vent cocks positioned to check clogged rodmeter 32
5-2. Rodmeter in secured position 34
5-3. Rodmeter with valves installed 34
5-4. Cutaway view of Pitometer rodmeter 36
5-5. Pump installed 37
5-6. Removing impeller shaft lock nut 37
5-7. Pump disassembled 38
5-8. Impeller disassembled 39
5-9. Checking length of rotary seal bellows 39
5-10. Stretching rotary seal bellows 39
5-11. Refacing rotary seal insert 40
5-12. Pressing out rotary seal insert 40
5-13. Installing rotary seal insert 41
5-14. Checking rotary seal insert 41
5-15. Cutaway view of rotary pump 43
5-16. Checking impeller clearance 44
5-17. Pump drive motor installed 45
5-18. Removing upper brush 45
5-19. Pump drive motor partially disassembled 46
5-20. Removing transtat 48
5-21. Removing follow-up motor 49
5-22. Rectifiers installed 49
5-23. Removing self-synchronous transmitter 50
5-24. Valves in position for adjusting contacts 52
5-25. External contact arm in center position 52
5-26. End view of contact arm clamps 53
5-27. Adjusting upper contacts by the lamp method 54
5-28. Adjusting lower contacts by the lamp method 54
 
vi
5-29. Adjustable stop rods installed 55
5-30. Setting upper adjustable stop rod, old installation 56
5-31. Setting upper adjustable stop rod, new installation 56
5-32. Control unit removed from case 57
5-33. Pigtail wiring connection 58
5-34. Bellows housing, cover removed 58
5-35. Bellows installed on housing 59
5-36. Cutaway view of seal bellows assembly 59
5-37. Bellows housing assembly, old installation 60
5-38. Bellows housing cover with housing end cap and stop rod removed, new installation 61
5-39. Bellows housing cover assembled, new installation 61
5-40. Bellows housing assembly 61
5-41. End view of contact arm clamps 62
5-42. Valve positions for aging the bellows 62
5-43. Exploded view of bellows assembly 63
5-44. Piping assembly, old installation 64
5-45. Piping assembly, new installation 64
5-46. Pressure relief assembly disassembled 65
5-47. Cutaway view of master speed indicator 66
5-48. Lead screw drive motor removed 67
5-49. Replacing lead screw drive motor, Step 1 68
5-50. Replacing lead screw drive motor, Step 2 68
5-51. Replacing lead screw drive motor, Step 3 68
5-52. Master speed indicator, dial removed 69
5-53. Slip ring and contact assembly, brush block removed 70
5-54. Installing spiral take-up spring 71
5-55. Removing follow-up contact assembly and top bracket 72
5-56. Follow-up contact assembly removed 72
5-57. Slip ring and contact assembly removed 72
5-58. Lead .screw yoke assembly removed 73
5-59. Master speed indicator, top mounting plate removed 74
5-60. Lead screw and differential partially disassembled 75
5-61. Roller shaft and pinion removed from yoke 76
5-62. Pressing out short end of differential shaft 76
5-63. Pressing out long end of differential shaft 77
5-64. Installing bearing on short end of differential shaft 77
5-65. Rear view of master speed indicator showing jack plug connections 78
5-66. Removing friction disk and spider 79
5-67. Constant speed motor removed 79
5-68. Constant speed motor partially disassembled 80
5-69. Worm gear housing assembly disassembled 80
5-70. Distance repeating self-synchronous motor removed 82
5-71. Self-synchronous repeater, brushes removed 82
5-72. Self-synchronous repeater, damper assembly removed 83
5-73. Checking shaft extension installation 84
5-74. Speed transmitter driven gear removed 85
5-75. Rotary converter 86
5-76. Rotary converter, commutator shutter removed 87
5-77. Rotary converter, collector ring shutter removed 87
5-78. Rotary converter, speed regulator and one commutator brush removed 88
5-79. Checking speed regulator contact point gap 89
5-80. Rotary converter partially disassembled 90
 
vii
5-81. Constant frequency control unit, cover removed 92
5-82. Phonic wheel motor and differential assembly installed 94
5-83. Removing phonic wheel motor 95
5-84. Phonic wheel motor disassembled 95
5-85. Constant frequency control unit, main mounting plate removed 97
5-86. Constant frequency control unit wiring diagram 99
6-1. Pump orifice plate 101
6-2. Measured mile course 102
7-1. Shop calibration equipment 105
7-2. Pressure tanks at zero position 107
7-3. Dynamic pressure tank at 4-knot position 108
8-1. Log wiring circuit diagram 111
9-1. Lubrication points, rotary distance transmitter 113
9-2. Lubrication points, rotary pump 114
9-3. Lubrication points, constant frequency control unit 114
9-4. Lubrication points, master speed indicator 115
9-5. Lubrication points, speed and distance indicator 116
9-6. Lubrication points, control unit 116
10-1. The Bendix rodmeter 118
10-2. Components of Bendix underwater log system 119
10-3. Master transmitter indicator 120
10-4. Operation of the master transmitter indicator Insert
10-5. Speed and distance indicator 121
10-6. Sea valve 124
10-7. Rodmeter and hoist installed 125
11-1. Distance transmitter load switch 127
11-2. Maneuvering cocks and drain cocks in secured position 127
11-3. Maneuvering cocks and drain cocks in venting position 128
11-4. Maneuvering cocks and drain cocks in operating position 128
11-5. Maneuvering cocks and drain cocks in drain position 128
11-6. Maneuvering cocks and drain cocks positioned for filling hydraulic lines 128
13-1. Maneuvering cocks and drain cocks positioned for operating on static head 133
13-2. Maneuvering cocks and drain cocks in zero position 133
13-3. C-adjustment assembly 134
13-4. Maneuvering cocks and drain cocks positioned to check for clogged rodmeter 134
13-5. Maneuvering cocks and drain cocks positioned for blowing out static line 134
13-6. Maneuvering cocks and drain cocks positioned for blowing out dynamic line 135
13-7. Maneuvering cocks and drain cocks positioned for blowing out both hydraulic lines 135
13-8. Rodmeter and hoist 136
13-9. Bendix rodmeter 137
13-10. Cutaway of bellows assembly 138
13-11. Bellows installation on master transmitter case 139
13-12. Bellows assembly removed 140
13-13. Removing bellows lower lock nut 141
13-14. Bellows assembly, disassembled 142
13-15. Dive error compensating mechanism 143
13-16. Maneuvering cocks and drain cocks positioned for dive error adjustment 143
13-17. Speed and distance indicator removed from case 145
13-18. Rear view of speed and distance indicator 146
13-19. Speed and distance indicator, dial removed 147
13-20. Transformer wiring diagram 148
13-21. Self-synchronous distance repeater removed 149
 
viii
13-22. End view of distance repeater 150
13-23. Distance repeater partially disassembled 150
13-24. Terminal block assembly partially disassembled 151
13-25. Speed repeater partially disassembled 153
13-26. Locating position of pointer hub handle screw 154
13-27. Wiring diagram showing connections for setting speed repeater to electrical zero 154
13-28. Counter drive worm assembly disassembled 155
13-29. Master transmitter indicator removed from case 156
13-30. Removing follow-up motor 157
13-31. Replacing follow-up motor, Step 1 157
13-32. Replacing follow-up motor, Step 2 158
13-33. Rear view of master transmitter indicator 158
13-34. Self-synchronous speed transmitter partially disassembled 159
13-35. Differential assembly removed 161
13-36. Differential assembly disassembled 162
13-37. Constant speed motor removed 164
13-38. Constant speed motor partially disassembled 165
13-39. Reduction gear housing disassembled 166
13-40. Removing power motor 167
13-41. Power motor partially disassembled 168
13-42. Power motor drive gear assembly removed 168
13-43. Power motor drive gear assembly disassembled 169
13-44. Condenser and resistor assembly removed 170
13-45. Follower assembly removed 171
13-46. Follower lead screw removed 172
13-47. Follower, differential, and rheostat assemblies installed 172
13-48. Rheostat removed 175
13-49. Component frame assembly removed 176
13-50. Component frame assembly partially disassembled 176
13-51. Cam and bracket assembly removed 177
13-52. Cam and bracket assembly disassembled 177
13-53. Power motor transmission shaft assembly disassembled 178
13-54. Main force arm removed 179
13-55. Main force arm partially disassembled 180
13-56. Auxiliary and main balance arm assembly removed 181
13-57. Auxiliary and main balance arm partially disassembled 182
13-58. Contact arm assembly removed 184
14-1. Measured mile course 186
14-2. Adjusting diagram for calibrating the Bendix log 188
14-3. The A-adjustment assembly 189
14-4. The B-adjustment assembly 190
14-5. Weight arm attached to instrument 190
14-6. Weight arm attached to instrument 191
14-7. Adjusting diagram for recalibrating the Bendix log 194
15-1. Shop calibration equipment 198
15-2. Cam positioned prior to setting pointer to exact zero 199
15-3. Balancing master transmitter indicator, Step 1 200
15-4. Balancing master transmitter indicator, Step 2 201
15-5. Contact arm and contacts installed 202
16-1. Bendix log wiring diagram 206
17-1. Lubrication points, master transmitter indicator 208
17-2. Lubrication points, speed and distance indicator 209
 
ix
18-1. Components of mercury differential manometer underwater log system 213
18-2. Front view of manometer and transmitter 215
18-3. Installation of float and gear rack 215
18-4. Transmitter, cover removed 216
18-5. Sixty-cycle alternating current integrator timing assembly, cover removed 217
18-6. Integrator cam at 15-knot and zero-knot positions 218
18-7. Integrator wheel control mechanism 219
18-8. Distance repeater contacts installed 219
18-9. Master speed repeater, cover removed 220
18-10. Master speed repeater, pointer and dial removed 221
18-11. Heart cam, with roller in normal and abnormal positions 222
18-12. Follow-up contact assembly operating positions 223
18-13. Speed and distance repeater removed from case 224
19-1. Venting routine, Step 1 225
19-2. Venting routine, Step 2 225
19-3. Venting routine, Step 3 225
19-4. Valves and vent cocks in operating positions 226
20-1. Valves and vent cocks in position to check for clogged rodmeter 227
20-2. Rodmeter 229
20-3. Front view of gear chamber 230
20-4. Adjusting fork 231
20-5. Direct current clock integrator timer 231
20-6. Distance repeater contacts adjustment 231
20-7. Cam positioned for setting pointer at 22 knots 233
 
x
WE KNEW HIS SPEED
"WE KNEW HIS SPEED"
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